Microscopic exam. A small amount of urine will be looked at under a microscope to check for things that do not belong in normal urine that cannot be seen with the naked eye, including red blood cells, white blood cells or pus cells , bacteria germs , or crystals which are formed from chemicals in the urine and may eventually get bigger and become kidney stones.
Dipstick test. A dipstick is a thin, plastic stick with strips of chemicals on it. It is dipped into the urine. The strips change color if a substance is present at a level that is above normal.
Some of the things a dipstick examination can check for include:. A urinalysis can help to detect many diseases before you feel symptoms. Finding and treating a problem early can help keep serious diseases from getting worse. Healthy kidneys remove wastes and excess fluid from the blood.
Blood and urine tests show how well the kidneys are doing their job and how quickly body At least 10 million Americans suffer from incontinence, which means that they are not able to control the times when they urinate. In some cases, the loss of urine is so Urinary tract infections are responsible for nearly 10 million healthcare visits each year. What is the urinary tract? The urinary system Some of the things that may be seen in a microscope include: Red blood cells, which may be a sign of kidney diseases that damage the filtering units of the kidneys, allowing blood cells to leak into the urine.
Blood in the urine may also be a sign of problems such as kidney stones, infections, bladder cancer or a blood disorder like sickle cell disease. White blood cells are a sign of an infection or inflammation in the kidneys, bladder or another area. Bacteria is usually a sign of an infection in the body. Normal urine does not contain bacteria. Crystals that are formed from chemicals in the urine. If they become large enough, they form kidney stones.
Urinalysis doesn't answer all the questions about your health. It provides a clue. In fact, it can lead to more tests to understand what is happening. Protein in the urine is a sign of kidney disease. But a normal urinalysis does not guarantee that you do not have chronic kidney disease. Some people will not release a significant amount of protein early in a disease process.
Or, they may release protein only occasionally, so it is missed by a single urine sample. In someone who has ingested large amounts of water, making larger amounts of urine, small quantities of chemicals may be undetectable. COVID patients can become kidney patients. You can provide lifesaving support today with a special monthly gift. Donate Now. Various types of tests can be used here too: Rapid tests help give police fast results on site, while other drug tests need to be sent to a laboratory.
Urine samples can also be used to test athletes for banned performance-enhancing substances doping. IQWiG health information is written with the aim of helping people understand the advantages and disadvantages of the main treatment options and health care services. Because IQWiG is a German institute, some of the information provided here is specific to the German health care system.
The suitability of any of the described options in an individual case can be determined by talking to a doctor. We do not offer individual consultations. Our information is based on the results of good-quality studies. It is written by a team of health care professionals, scientists and editors, and reviewed by external experts. You can find a detailed description of how our health information is produced and updated in our methods.
Turn recording back on. National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. Search term. What do the characteristics of urine tell us? How do you give a urine sample?
Rapid urine test What is a rapid urine test? What substances can a rapid urine test detect? The following substances can be checked using a rapid urine test: pH value measure of the acidity of the urine. Normal values, depending on diet, range from about 5 to 7, where values under 5 are too acidic, and values over 7 are not acidic enough. What do the results tell us? Tests measuring other things can help detect other problems: High protein levels may be a sign of nephritis a kidney inflammation.
Urinalysis What is urinalysis? It usually involves three steps: Assessment of the color, cloudiness and concentration of the urine. Examination of the urine under a microscope to look for bacteria , cells and parts of cells. What does urinalysis test for? In addition to the substances that can be detected using a rapid test, urinalysis can also test for the following: Creatinine breakdown product of muscle metabolism, an indicator of kidney function. Urinary casts cylindrical stuck-together structures that form in the renal tubules, not usually found in urine.
Crystals found if there are high concentrations of certain substances in the urine, not usually found in urine. With the help of these values, laboratories can also use urinalysis to detect signs of other problems: Cholesterol crystals can be caused by high levels of cholesterol in the urine, for example.
Urinary casts are usually a sign of kidney disease, such as an inflammation of the renal pelvis. Urine culture What is a urine culture? What can urine cultures test for? What can be tested with a hour urine sample? Pregnancy tests What is a pregnancy test?
What can be checked with a pregnancy test? Other urine tests Drugs can also be detected in urine for a while after being used. Lexikon der Krankheiten und Untersuchungen. Stuttgart: Thieme; Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss G-BA. May 28, Berlin: De Gruyter; Thomas L. Labor und Diagnose. Marburg: Medizinische Verlagsgesellschaft; Understanding urine tests. In this Page. Rapid urine test Urinalysis Urine culture hour urine collection Pregnancy tests Other urine tests Sources.
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