On October 10 of the same year Lieut. General Darling acknowledged receipt of the despatch. His opinion of the localities mentioned was expressed in the following terms:.
I have not been able to obtain any precise information respecting it, but the communication must, I understand, be at all times tedious and difficult, and during a part of the year will be hardly practicable.
I shall, however, make arrangements as soon as possible for having it examined, and for taking possession of it. The communication with Sharks Bay would be still more difficult, and would be attended with a very serious expense. The French would, therefore, find it difficult to maintain themselves at either of these places, and I understand that the part of the coast about Sharks Bay is frequently under water.
On the fourth of the following month, or before Lieut. General Darling's communication had fairly left Australian precincts, the following instructions were despatched from the Colonial Secretary's office, Sydney, to Major Lockyer, of the 57th Regiment, stationed at that Settlement:. Festing, of the Fly, with you, and you will lose no time in selecting, in conjunction with Captain Wetherall or, in his absence, with Lieut, Festing such a site as may be most eligible for a penal settlement, having due regard to a safe anchorage and a good supply of fresh water, with fertile soil in the neighbourhood, and such other conveniences as can be obtained.
To this end, you will keep a regular journal of your proceedings from the time of your embarkation, and transmit the original, or a copy, to me for His Excellency's information. You will also keep a register of the weather, with the state of the barometer and thermometer, which are supplied for this purpose.
Western Australia has had European contact since the 17th century, as Dutch, French, and British explorers continued to land or be shipwrecked along the coast during expeditions to the East Indies.
Therefore, a settlement expedition was sent to the southwestern region, where a penal colony was established in King George Sound in The area became known as Albany after In , a new territory was established upon the Swan River by Captain James Stirling and two towns began to develop. Fremantle, a port city, was formed along the coast, while Perth the new capital was located a few miles inland along the Swan River banks.
Population grew slowly, with an economy based on wheat and sheep agriculture. Thousands of miners flocked to Western Australia, especially around Halls Creek, Coolgardie and Kalgoorlie, where much of the gold was centered. The Kalgoorlie Museum 17 Hannan Street is a great place to learn more about the increase in population, wealthier economy and inland explorations. By , a referendum was voted in favor of secession from the nation of Australia, possibly creating a separate sovereignty.
Even though more than two-thirds of the state voted to leave, the British Government did not have power to do such a thing. The Western Australian Museum in the heart of Perth can teach you about the epic history of the state. Western Australia remains relatively hot and dry throughout much of the year, spawning an outdoor culture based on sports. Australian Rules football is the main code in Western Australia, followed by cricket, football and rugby union.
It is not uncommon to head with locals to the nearby cricket, Aussie Rules or football game on the weekend. Many of the settlers who have come should never have left a safe and tranquil state of life … I would earnestly request that for a few years the helpless and inefficient may be kept from the Settlement.
Rumours about the failure of the colony and starving settlers began to circulate, which slowed immigration. Relations between European settlers and the Noongar people, which were amicable at first, quickly deteriorated into armed conflict.
On 15 August the Aboriginal leader Yagan — whose father had been executed by firing squad, without trial, in May — was killed by two shepherds after a bounty had been put on his head.
On 28 October many people were killed in the Battle of Pinjarra, in what Bindjareb Noongar people maintain was an ambush organised by James Stirling. By , when Stirling resigned as governor, the colony had become more self-sufficient, but it still suffered from a lack of the capital and labour needed to develop its public infrastructure.
The solution was to import male convicts. Western Australia formally became a penal settlement in May Between and around 10, British convicts arrived at the colony. By the total population was 17,, with convicts outnumbering settlers, to James Stirling, Australian Dictionary of Biography. Thomas Peel, Australian Dictionary of Biography. The National Museum of Australia acknowledges First Australians and recognises their continuous connection to country, community and culture.
Defining Moments Founding of Perth. European exploration of the west coast Aboriginal people have lived in the south-western part of Western Australia for at least 47, years. Captain James Stirling, The first exploration Setting out three days later, Stirling and his party navigated around 54 kilometres up the Swan River, assessing the land for its suitability for agriculture and settlement. Legislative Council of Western Australia, Stirling soon realised that the soil on the coast was not suited to agriculture.
Early struggles Intense interest in the Swan River Colony in Britain resulted in a rush of people applying to emigrate. Lieutenant-Governor Stirling to Sir George Murray, Perth, Many of the settlers who have come should never have left a safe and tranquil state of life … I would earnestly request that for a few years the helpless and inefficient may be kept from the Settlement.
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